Deer have 4 teats on a compact inguinal udder, considerably smaller than domestic cattle but well-suited for nursing one or two fawns.
Each teat has a single streak canal with a muscular sphincter controlling milk flow, preventing leakage between nursing sessions.
Milk production is tied to fawning season; colostrum delivery in the first 24 hours is critical for transferring maternal antibodies.
Small teat size requires gentle technique; hand-milking with a thumb-and-forefinger stripping method is most effective.
Rich and creamy with a slightly gamey, earthy undertone. Thicker than cow's milk with a yellowish hue from high fat content. Some describe it as similar to goat's milk but richer and less tangy.
Roughly 3–5x the fat and 3x the protein of cow's milk. High calcium content (~250 mg/100g) supports rapid fawn skeletal growth. Contains ~120 mg phosphorus/100g. Colostrum is especially rich in immunoglobulins.
Excellent source of zinc, iron, and selenium. High in B-vitamins, particularly B12. Vitamin A content is elevated compared to domestic ruminants. Contains conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a beneficial fatty acid.
Composition shifts dramatically over lactation — early milk (colostrum) has over 20% protein. Low lactose makes it more digestible for lactose-sensitive individuals. The high energy density allows fawns to nurse infrequently while hiding from predators.